Alloy wishbones from a S3/Passat are the same size as the Golf's cast ones. It's the TT mk2 that has wider alloy wishbones. The S3/Passat alloy hubs are also the same size as the cast ones. Just thicker on the inside of the brake caliper bracket.
The S3/Passat ball joint is a just a bit different than the Golf ball joint, making the wishbone more angled. Not sure if that would make any great deal of difference.
The SuperPro anti-lift kit adds caster to the wheels, I don't think it makes any difference to the brake disc clearance.
I had some rubbing with SuperPro ball joints on my MB ML450 discs when almost on full lock, either side, and hard cornering. Grinding the ball joints didn't solve the issue. Reverted to OEM ball joints. Later fitter alloy wishbones and S3/Passat ball joints with no rubbing issues.
Alloy hubs aren't compatible with my Brembo 18Z calipers due to the hub being thicker on the inside of the caliper bracket.